Jetson Nano 霧運算遠端監控系統實作

# heartrate_monitor.py
from max30102 import MAX30102
import hrcalc
import threading
import time
import numpy as np

class HeartRateMonitor(object):
    """
    將max30102裝置封裝成執行緒的類別
    """
    LOOP_TIME = 0.01

    def __init__(self, print_raw=False, print_result=False):
        self.bpm = 0
        self.print_spo2 = 0
        self.print_bpm = 0
        if print_raw is True:
            print('IR, Red')
        self.print_raw = print_raw
        self.print_result = print_result

    def run_sensor(self):
        # 初始化MAX30102感測器
        sensor = MAX30102()
        ir_data = []
        red_data = []
        bpms = []

        # 持續執行直到停止
        while not self._thread.stopped:
            # 檢查是否有可用資料
            num_bytes = sensor.get_data_present()
            if num_bytes > 0:
                # 取得所有資料並存入陣列
                while num_bytes > 0:
                    red, ir = sensor.read_fifo()
                    num_bytes -= 1
                    ir_data.append(ir)
                    red_data.append(red)
                    if self.print_raw:
                        print("{0}, {1}".format(ir, red))

                # 資料處理：計算心率和血氧飽和度
                while len(ir_data) > 100:
                    ir_data.pop(0)
                    red_data.pop(0)
                if len(ir_data) == 100:
                    bpm, valid_bpm, spo2, valid_spo2 = hrcalc.calc_hr_and_spo2(ir_data, red_data)
                    if valid_bpm:
                        bpms.append(bpm)
                    while len(bpms) > 4:
                        bpms.pop(0)
                    self.bpm = np.mean(bpms)
                    if (np.mean(ir_data) < 50000 and np.mean(red_data) < 50000):
                        self.bpm = 0
                        if self.print_result:
                            print("未檢測到手指")
                    if self.print_result:
                        print("心率：{0}，血氧飽和度：{1}".format(self.bpm, spo2))
                    self.print_spo2 = spo2
                    self.print_bpm = self.bpm
            time.sleep(self.LOOP_TIME)
        sensor.shutdown()

    def start_sensor(self):
        # 啟動感測器執行緒
        self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self.run_sensor)
        self._thread.stopped = False
        self._thread.start()

    def stop_sensor(self, timeout=2.0):
        # 停止感測器執行緒
        self._thread.stopped = True
        self.bpm = 0
        self._thread.join(timeout)

#### 程式碼解密：
1. **類別初始化**：`HeartRateMonitor`類別初始化時，可設定是否列印原始資料或計算結果。
2. **感測器執行**：`run_sensor`方法負責持續讀取MAX30102感測器的資料，並計算心率和血氧飽和度。
3. **資料處理**：程式碼對讀取的紅外線和紅光資料進行處理，計算心率（BPM）和血氧飽和度（SpO2）。
4. **執行緒控制**：使用執行緒來非同步執行感測器讀取任務，可透過`start_sensor`和`stop_sensor`方法控制執行緒的啟動和停止。

### ThingSpeak雲端上傳程式碼解析

```python
# main.py中的ThingSpeak雲端上傳部分
import urllib
import http.client

key = "2TN5A7GW7ZYDBAL1"  # 請替換為您的ThingSpeak API Key

# 組裝要上傳的資料
params = urllib.parse.urlencode({'field1': hrm.print_bpm, 'field2': hrm.print_spo2, 'field3': body_temp, 'key': key})
headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"}
conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("api.thingspeak.com:80")
conn.request("POST", "/update", params, headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
print(response.status, response.reason)
data = response.read()
conn.close()

#### 程式碼解密：
1. **API Key設定**：需替換`key`變數為您的ThingSpeak頻道API Key。
2. **資料封裝**：將心率、血氧飽和度和體溫資料封裝成HTTP請求引數。
3. **HTTP請求**：使用`http.client`模組向ThingSpeak API傳送POST請求，上傳資料。
4. **回應處理**：列印伺服器回應的狀態碼和訊息。

### 系統流程圖示

```plantuml
@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam componentStyle rectangle

title Jetson Nano 霧運算遠端監控系統實作

package "物聯網架構" {
    package "感知層" {
        component [感測器] as sensor
        component [執行器] as actuator
        component [嵌入式裝置] as device
    }

    package "網路層" {
        component [閘道器] as gateway
        component [MQTT Broker] as mqtt
        component [邊緣運算] as edge
    }

    package "平台層" {
        cloud "IoT Platform" as platform
        database [時序資料庫] as tsdb
        component [規則引擎] as rules
    }

    package "應用層" {
        component [監控儀表板] as dashboard
        component [告警系統] as alert
        component [數據分析] as analytics
    }
}

sensor --> device : 資料採集
device --> gateway : 資料傳輸
gateway --> mqtt : MQTT 協議
mqtt --> edge : 邊緣處理
edge --> platform : 雲端上傳
platform --> tsdb : 資料儲存
platform --> rules : 規則處理
rules --> alert : 觸發告警
tsdb --> analytics : 資料分析
analytics --> dashboard : 視覺化

@enduml

from machine import Pin
from umqtt.simple import MQTTClient
import time
import camera
import network

# 連線至Jetson Nano建立的Wi-Fi熱點
station = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
station.active(True)
station.connect("jetson-desktop", "11111111")

SERVER = '10.42.0.1'  # Jetson Nano的IP位址
CLIENT_ID = 'esp32-camera'
TOPIC = b'Image'

# 初始化MQTT客戶端並連線至Broker
c = MQTTClient(CLIENT_ID, SERVER)
c.connect()

# 初始化攝像頭
camera.init(0, format=camera.JPEG)

Motion_status = False  # 用於記錄PIR感測器的狀態

def handle_interrupt(Pin):
    global Motion_status
    Motion_status = True

# 設定PIR感測器中斷處理
PIR_Interrupt = Pin(13, Pin.IN)
PIR_Interrupt.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_RISING, handler=handle_interrupt)

while True:
    if Motion_status:
        print('偵測到移動！')
        buf = camera.capture()
        c.publish(TOPIC, buf)
        time.sleep_ms(100)
        Motion_status = False

from twilio.rest import Client
from pydrive.auth import GoogleAuth
from pydrive.drive import GoogleDrive
import os

# Twilio組態
account_sid = 'your_account_sid'
auth_token = 'your_auth_token'
client = Client(account_sid, auth_token)

def send_whatsapp_message():
    message = client.messages.create(
        body="入侵警示！",
        from_='whatsapp:+14155238886',
        to='whatsapp:your_registered_phone_number'
    )
    print("WhatsApp訊息已傳送:", message.sid)

# Google Drive組態
gauth = GoogleAuth()
gauth.LocalWebserverAuth()
drive = GoogleDrive(gauth)

def upload_to_google_drive(file_path):
    file_name = os.path.basename(file_path)
    file = drive.CreateFile({'title': file_name})
    file.SetContentFile(file_path)
    file.Upload()
    print(f"{file_name} 已上傳至Google Drive")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 假設影像檔案路徑為 ./photos/intruder.jpg
    image_path = "./photos/intruder.jpg"
    send_whatsapp_message()
    upload_to_google_drive(image_path)